I just set up TOS5300 series for the first time, but it shows a PROTECTION message and won’t start the test. Why is this happening?

The PROTECTION message appears because the interlock protection circuit is activated.
TOS5300 series has an interlock function that can be released by connecting the specified pins on the SIGNAL I/O connector on the rear panel.
The SIGNAL I/O plug supplied with TOS5300 can temporarily release the interlock.
We recommend using the interlock with a door switch to prevent contact with high voltage parts during testing.
For more details, read the user’s manual – chapter of Turning the Power On – Checking indicators and the state of the interlock feature.